Artificial Intelligence
From symbolic AI and statistical learning to deep networks, transformers, LLMs and production model operations.
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1 · Origins & foundations
How the field began and the maths it runs on.
2 · Classical machine learning
Supervised and unsupervised learning that still runs most production systems.
- 9m · 3 MCQs3. The Supervised Learning WorkflowFeatures, labels, train/validation/test splits and the bias–variance trade-off.
- 11m · 3 MCQs4. Core Algorithms: Regression to Gradient BoostingLinear and logistic regression, trees, ensembles and why boosting still wins on tabular data.
- 9m · 3 MCQs5. Unsupervised Learning & RepresentationsClustering, dimensionality reduction and embeddings as the bridge to deep learning.
- 9m · 3 MCQs6. Evaluating Models HonestlyAccuracy traps, precision/recall, ROC-AUC, calibration and fairness checks.
3 · Deep learning
Neural networks, training dynamics and the vision/sequence architectures.
- 10m · 3 MCQs7. Neural Networks from First PrinciplesPerceptrons, activations, forward and backward passes, and what depth buys you.
- 10m · 3 MCQs8. Training Dynamics That Actually MatterOptimisers, learning-rate schedules, normalisation, regularisation and mixed precision.
- 9m · 3 MCQs9. Computer Vision & Convolutional NetworksConvolutions, the ImageNet moment, modern backbones and vision transformers.
4 · Transformers & LLMs
Attention, pretraining, alignment and how modern language models behave.
- 10m · 3 MCQs10. Sequences: RNNs, LSTMs and the Attention BreakthroughWhy recurrence hit a ceiling and how attention removed it.
- 12m · 3 MCQs11. Inside the TransformerTokenisation, embeddings, self-attention, multi-head projections and the decoder stack.
- 11m · 3 MCQs12. How Large Language Models Are BuiltPretraining, scaling laws, instruction tuning, RLHF/DPO and the resulting behaviour.
- 10m · 3 MCQs13. Inference, Decoding and HallucinationSampling parameters, KV caching, quantisation and why models state falsehoods confidently.
5 · Applied & production AI
Prompting, fine-tuning, RAG, evaluation, serving and safety.
- 9m · 3 MCQs14. Prompt Engineering as a DisciplineStructure, few-shot examples, chain-of-thought, structured output and prompt injection.
- 10m · 3 MCQs15. Fine-Tuning, LoRA and When Not ToFull fine-tuning vs parameter-efficient methods, dataset design and the decision tree.
- 11m · 3 MCQs16. RAG and Agentic SystemsChunking, vector search, hybrid retrieval, reranking, tool use and agent loops.
- 10m · 3 MCQs17. MLOps: Serving, Monitoring and DriftFrom notebook to endpoint: packaging, registries, CI/CD, observability and retraining.
- 9m · 3 MCQs18. Safety, Ethics and GovernanceBias, privacy, evaluation harnesses, red-teaming and the regulatory landscape.
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