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Architecture · easy

3. Programs and Executable Data

BPF Loader and on-chain program deployment.

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Programs on Solana are compiled to SBF (Solana Bytecode Format, an evolution of eBPF) and stored in accounts owned by the BPF Upgradeable Loader. When upgraded, the program's executable account is pointed to a new program data buffer.

How to study this topic

  1. 1. Read the explanation once end to end, skipping the code.
  2. 2. Re-read the code snippets and say out loud what each line does.
  3. 3. Answer the quiz without scrolling back — that is the real check.
  4. 4. Read every explanation, even for the answers you got right.

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Check your understanding

  1. 1. What bytecode format do Solana programs compile to?

  2. 2. Which native loader manages upgradeable programs on Solana?

  3. 3. What happens when an upgrade authority closes a program account?

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